Social insecurity and varieties of family resilience strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic

PurposeThis study is aimed at developing an understanding of the consequences of the pandemic on families' socioeconomic resilience, and the strategies adopted by the families in overcoming social vulnerabilities amid uncertainty.Design/methodology/approachThe materials for this study consist of semi-structured interviews with 21 families spread across the South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Families in the study represent four different income levels, namely very high, high, middle and low, and who also work in the informal sector. Each family has at least 1 or more members who fall into the vulnerable category (children, the elderly, people with disabilities unemployed or having potential economic vulnerability).FindingsTwo main findings are outlined. Regardless of their socioeconomic status, many of the families analyzed adopted similar strategies to remain resilient. Among the strategies are classifying the urgency of purchasing consumer goods based on financial capacity rather than needs, leveraging digital economic opportunities as alternative sources of income, utilizing more extensive informal networks and going into debt. Another interesting finding shows that the pandemic, to some extent, has saved poor families from social insecurity. This is supported by evidence showing that social distancing measures during the pandemic have reduced the intensity of sociocultural activities, which require invited community members to contribute financially. The reduction of sociocultural activities in the community has provided more potential savings for the poor.Research limitations/implicationsIn this study, informants who provided information about their family conditions represent a major segment of the workforce and tend to be technologically savvy and younger, due to the use of Zoom as a platform for conducting interviews. Therefore, there may be a bias in the results. Another limitation is that since the interviewees were recommended by our social network in the fields, there is a risk of a distorted selection of participants.Originality/valueThis study offers insights that are critical in helping to analyze family patterns in developing countries in mitigating the risks and uncertainties caused by COVID-19. In addition, the literature on social policy and development could benefit from further research on COVID-19 as an alternative driver to identify mechanisms that could bring about change that would result in "security.” Critical questions and limitations of this study are presented at the end of the paper to be responded to as future research agenda.

Human rights protection under the ICCPR: when can and should States derogate? A critical analysis in the context of New Zealand's COVID-19 response

Public emergencies like global pandemics subject human rights to extraordinary vulnerability. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) permits States to restrict rights by enacting permissible limitations on them at any time and by derogating from their protection in emergencies. This article argues that States should rely on the ICCPR's permissible limitations provisions rather than lodge formal derogations in times of crisis, unlike what many States have done during the COVID-19 pandemic. It draws upon New Zealand's highly successful public health response to support this proposition. The article argues that the accountability machinery for compliance with States' rights obligations is stronger when permissible limitations are enacted. Where States do rely on the right to derogate, the article suggests some improvements to existing international accountability mechanisms. These include enhancing the analysis to be contained in notices of derogation and advance capacity-building to enable States to better decide if derogation is necessary in the first place. Ultimately, the article argues that keeping States within the international human rights system is ideal. This can be achieved through reliance on the flexibility built into the ICCPR via its permissible limitations provisions rather than its right of derogation. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of International Journal of Human Rights is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Design of upper limb rehabilitation evaluation system based on deep learning

The topic of non-contact diagnosis became a hot topic during COVID-19 and online consultation gained popularity. In this research, a deep learning-based autonomous limb evaluation system is developed for online consultation and remote rehabilitation training for people with physical limitations. Its main goal is to collect and analyze information about limb states. The patient can evaluate the limb state at home using the mobile app, and the doctor can view the data and connect with the patient via the web's chat module to offer diagnostic opinions. Deep learning is used for the Start/End Attitude Determination Model and OpenCV for the limb and hand evaluation model, with the results being uploaded to the server. © The Authors. Published under a Creative Commons Attribution CC-BY 3.0 License.

Artificial Intelligence in Telemedicine

Telemedicine can be defined as the practice of medicine, between different places, through the responsible use of information and communication technologies. From a steady pace of progressive expansion, telemedicine has grown exponentially worldwide due to the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The addition of artificial intelligence to telemedicine can expand and improve its capabilities, giving endless possibilities for developing solutions for specific healthcare needs. AI in telemedicine can make a significant contribution for the implementation of the continuum of healthcare and promote and facilitate greater access to integrated healthcare, where and when necessary. The potential impact of AI in telemedicine can be identified around four emergent trends: patient monitoring, healthcare information technology, intelligent assistance and diagnosis, and information analysis collaboration. However, their implementation in healthcare faces safety, ethical, efficacy, efficiency, regulatory, and financial challenges. Their adoption will increase if physicians serve as knowledgeable and supportive guides and leaders in the process. The evidence of the benefit of AI will need to be convincing enough for the medical community and the patients to adopt the technology. For physicians AI can be helpful in aiding in decisionmaking and for specific tasks to improve healthcare delivery. It is also of extreme value by automating administrative tasks to free up valuable time that can be dedicated to the direct care of patients. AI-enabled telemedicine should suit with existing clinical practice. It requires a framework that could be based on technical and clinical considerations, reliability, reproducibility, usability, accessibility, and costs. This chapter also discusses their benefits and limitations in several medical specialties. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.

Exploring long COVID condition in Latin America: Its impact on patients' activities and associated healthcare use.

Background: Studies exploring long COVID condition (LCC) in low- and middle-income countries are scarce. Further characterization of LCC patients experiencing activity limitations and their associated healthcare use is needed. This study aimed to describe LCC patients' characteristics, its impact on activities, and associated healthcare use in Latin America (LATAM). Participants: Individuals who (cared for someone or) had COVID-19 and could read, write, and comprehend Spanish and lived in a LATAM country were invited to complete a virtual survey. Sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 and LCC symptoms, activity limitations, and healthcare use. Results: Data from 2,466 people from 16 countries in LATAM were analyzed (females = 65.9%; mean age of 39.5 ± 53.3 years). 1,178 (48%) of the respondents had LCC symptoms (≥3 months). These were more likely to have COVID-19 earlier in the pandemic, were older, had no COVID vaccines, had more comorbidities, needed supplementary oxygen, and reported significantly more COVID-19 symptoms during the infectious period. 33% of the respondents visited a primary care provider, 13% went to the emergency department, 5% were hospitalized, 21% visited a specialist, and 32% consulted ≥1 therapist for LCC symptoms mainly extreme fatigue, sleep difficulties, headaches, muscle or joint pain, and shortness of breath with activity. The most consulted therapists were respiratory therapists (15%) and psychologists (14%), followed by physical therapists (13%), occupational therapists (3%), and speech pathologists (1%). One-third of LCC respondents decreased their regular activities (e.g., work, school) and 8% needed help with activities of daily living (ADLs). LCC respondents who reduced their activities reported more difficulty sleeping, chest pain with activity, depression, and problems with concentration, thinking, and memory, while those who needed help with ADLs were more likely to have difficulty walking, and shortness of breath at rest. Approximately 60% of respondents who experienced activity limitations sought a specialist and 50% consulted therapists. Conclusions and relevance: Results supported previous findings in terms of the LCC demographics, and provided insight into LCC impact on patients' activities and healthcare services used in LATAM. This information is valuable to inform service planning and resource allocation in alignment with the needs of this population.

The Limitation of Freedom of Expression by State as a Crime during Pandemic Covid-19 in Indonesia

Freedom of expression (FE) is a pillar of a democratic society. Various democratic nations promote freedom of expression (FOE) to increase self-reliance and self-assurance among individuals by affording them diverse possibilities to share their thoughts. Hence, continual technological advancement has led to the use of various social media platforms to express one's ideas and opinions. Thus, during global crises, FOE is typically constrained in light of public interests. During the covid-19 epidemic, for instance, many governments implemented restrictions on FOE to avoid disseminating false information about covid-19, which could influence public views and lead to public uproar. Indonesia has similarly criminalized FOE. As a result, numerous human rights advocates and journalists have been assaulted for expressing their opinions in public, which may harm society. These laws are press and media constraints on freedom of expression. Thus, the Indonesian government rationalized these actions as national and regional laws violations. To justify restrictions on FOE, the Indonesian government highlighted common interests, such as public health and public order. The primary objective of this study was to legitimize the state's restrictions on freedom of expression as a criminal during the covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The present study employed a justificatory technique within the context of legal and normative regulations for this goal. According to the findings of this study, FOE was classified as a criminal offense during the covid-19 epidemic. In this manner, all FOEs in public and media spheres were criminalized, restricting the FOE. Thus, the present study suggests that Article 127 of the "Electronic Information and Transactions (EIT) Law" in Indonesia be repealed to encourage the treatment of FOE activities as "civil litigation.".

COVID-Pass under Scrutiny. Nudging and Fundamental Rights

The requirement of the COVID-19 certificate by the regional Ministries of Health generalised in December 2021 to access leisure, catering and socio-healthcare establishments as an instrument to contain the pandemic and encourage vaccination limits, among others, the following fundamental rights: equality, physical integrity, privacy, freedom of movement and free enterprise. Given its novelty the literature on the topic is still in its infancy. This work analyses the legal basis of this instrument to establish such limitations, its proportionality and the constitutionality of the measure as a nudge to promote vaccination taking into account its real effectiveness and safety. The study concludes evaluating the general COVID-19 vaccination campaign's constitutionality.

Online Learning and Parent Satisfaction during COVID

The Coronavirus pandemic has mostly affected all the operations that demanded physical presence. In the process of encouraging social distancing, the education sector has also undergone huge transformation by shifting online. Parents are the basic building blocks of a child's life and future, therefore understanding a parent's degree of happiness is essential. The study tries to comprehend how satisfied parents are with the online courses provided by schools to their children during the corona pandemic lockdown in India. It was discovered that parents whose children attend upper and upper secondary schools were happier than those whose children attend elementary classes.

Police stress: the role of occupational culture and officer characteristics

PurposeThe purpose of the current study was to augment the police culture and stress literature by empirically examining the impact of features of the internal and external work environment, as well as officer characteristics, on police officer stress.Design/methodology/approachThe current empirical inquiry utilized survey data collected from street-level officers in a mid-sized urban police department in a southern region of the United States (n = 349).FindingsThis study revealed that perceived danger, suspicion of citizens and cynicism toward the public increased police occupational stress, while support from supervisors mitigated it. In addition, Black and Latinx officers reported significantly less stress than their White counterparts.Research limitations/implicationsWhile this study demonstrates that patrol officers' perceptions of the external and internal work environments (and race/ethnicity) matter in terms of occupational stress, it is not without limitations. One limitation related to the generalizability of the findings, as results are gleaned from a single large agency serving a metropolitan jurisdiction in the Southeast. Second, this study focused on cultural attitudes and stress, although exact connections to behaviors are more speculative. Finally, the survey took place prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the killing of George Floyd (and others), which radically shook police–community relationships nationwide.Practical implicationsPolice administrators should be cognizant of the importance that views of them have for patrol officer stress levels. Moreover, police trainers and supervisors concerned with occupational stress of their subordinates should work toward altering assignments and socialization patterns so that officers are exposed to a variety of patrol areas, in avoiding prolonged assignments of high social distress.Originality/valueThe study augmented the police culture and stress literature by empirically uncovering the individual-level sources of patrol officers' job-related stress. This study builds off of Paoline and Gau's (2018) research using data collected some 15 years ago by examining a more contemporary, post–Ferguson, context.

The INFN Experience in Supporting and Improving HEP Outreach

INFN is recognized as an Italian excellence in science. Born in 1951, over time it created a worldwide network of activities spanning from high-energy physics at the most powerful accelerators, to the search for Dark Matter and rare events in deep underground laboratories, flanking the operations of four national laboratories in Italy. However, until a couple of decades ago, its role was not adequately appreciated by the Italian public at large. Since the beginning of the millennium INFN unfurled a strategy aimed not only to promote its image, but also to improve the transfer of knowledge acquired in its operation to different actors. In this paper we will deal with the improvement of outreach, presenting the strategies pursed, and some of the paths followed to this aim. Due to space limitations only a schematic view of a twenty-something years of work will be presented. In the conclusion we will report the results of an external evaluation of our efforts. In this paper we will not discuss the program of refresher courses for teachers, despite their relevance in our strategy to improve INFN participation in lifelong learning activities for the Italian society. Likewise, despite its centrality to improve INFN capability in the realm of outreach, we will not present the training program aimed to our personnel involved in science communication, and we will not touch the complex activity recently started to assess the impact of INFN communication efforts. Finally, we do not discuss the initiatives and the strategies pursued in 2020-2022 due to the COVID19 pandemia, despite the importance of outreach actions taken by the Institute. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

Functional limitations, post-traumatic stress disorder, and college adjustment in student veterans: A mediation analysis study

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine whether functional limitations mediate the relation between PTSD symptoms and college life adjustment in student veterans with PTSD symptoms. Methods: A total of 232 student veterans with PTSD symptoms were recruited for this study. Participants were predominantly male (84.5%;females = 15.5%). Participants' ages ranged from 18 to 54 years (M = 28.43, SD = 5.42). Correlational analyses were conducted to calculate the relationships among study variables. We also conducted a mediation analysis to examine whether functional limitations mediate the relationship between PTSD symptoms and college life adjustment. Results: The mediation analysis indicated that the effect of PTSD symptoms on college adjustment can be partially explained by functional limitations. Conclusion: Our results have potentially important implications for rehabilitation counseling researchers and clinicians in the COVID-19 era. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Application, Benefits, and Limitations of Telepharmacy for Patients with Diabetes in the Outpatient Setting.

After the COVID-19 pandemic, telepharmacy has become increasingly widely used as an alternative to pharmaceutical care by remote pharmacists. Patients with diabetes mellitus are one of the patients who get benefit the most from telepharmacy practices, which allow patients to consult without meeting face to face and minimize the risk of virus transmission. The authors conduct an assessment of the benefits and limitations of using telepharmacy that are used throughout the world and then hopes that they can become a reference in the development of telepharmacy in the future. A total of 23 relevant articles were used for analysis in this narrative review after searching for articles in three sources, including PubMed, Google Scholar and ClinicalTrials.gov, until October 2022. This narrative review shows that telepharmacy plays an important role in improving clinical outcomes, patient therapy adherence and reduce the number of patient visit and hospitalization, but telepharmacy also has limitations in its use related to security and privacy, as well as pharmacist intervention that has not been maximized. However, telepharmacy has great potential to facilitate diabetes mellitus patients in pharmaceutical services.

Telehealth During COVID-19 for Adults with Multiple Chronic Conditions: Associations with Self-Reported Food Insecurity and with Physical Limitations.

Background: Adults with chronic medical conditions complicated by food insecurity or physical limitations may have higher barriers to accessing telehealth implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: To examine the relationships of self-reported food insecurity and physical limitations with changes in health care utilization and medication adherence comparing the year before (March 2019-February 2020) and the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2020-March 2021) among patients with chronic conditions insured by Medicaid or Medicare Advantage. Methods: A prospective cohort study of 10,452 Kaiser Permanente Northern California members insured by Medicaid and 52,890 Kaiser Permanente Colorado members insured by Medicare Advantage was conducted. Difference-in-differences (DID) between the pre-COVID and COVID years in telehealth versus in-person health care utilization and adherence to chronic disease medicines by food insecurity and by physical limitation status were measured. Results: Food insecurity and physical limitations were each associated with small but significantly greater shifts from in-person to telehealth. Medicare Advantage members with physical limitations also had significantly greater decline in adherence to chronic medications from year to year compared with those without physical limitations (DID from pre-COVID year to COVID year ranged from 0.7% to 3.6% greater decline by medication class, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Food insecurity and physical limitations did not present significant barriers to the transition to telehealth during the COVID pandemic. The greater decrease in medication adherence among older patients with physical limitations suggests that care systems must further address the needs of this high-risk population.

Long-term functional ability trajectories and mental health among older people before and after the COVID-19 pandemic onset in Chile.

OBJECTIVES: Despite the advances in understanding the complex association between functional abilities and mental health in old age, studies have overlooked two important aspects. First, traditionally, research has employed cross-sectional designs, measuring limitations at a single time point. Second, most gerontological studies on this field have been conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic onset. This study aims to explore the association between diverse long-term functional ability trajectories across late adulthood and old age, and older people's mental health in Chile, before and after the COVID-19 pandemic onset. METHODS: We use data from the population-representative and longitudinal 'Chilean Social Protection Survey', sequence analysis to reconstruct functional ability trajectory types from 2004 to 2018, and bivariate and multivariate analyses to measure their association with depressive symptoms in early 2020 (N = 891) and late 2020 (N = 672). We analyzed four age groups defined by their age at baseline (2004): people aged 46-50, 51-55, 56-60, and 61-65. RESULTS: Our findings indicate that erratic or equivocal patterns of functional limitations across time (with people transiting back and forth between low and high levels of limitations) show the worst mental health outcomes, both before and after the pandemic onset. Prevalence of people with depression increased after the COVID-19 onset in most groups, being particularly high among those with previous equivocal functional ability trajectories. CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between functional ability trajectories and mental health calls for a new paradigm, moving away from age as the main policy guide, and highlighting the need to adopt strategies to improve population-level functional status as an efficient policy to address the challenges of population aging.

'This is no country for old (wo)men'? An examination of the approach taken to care home residents during the Covid-19 pandemic.

This article discusses the human rights of residents in care homes in England who were affected by restrictions that were imposed during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in order to safeguard health and life at a time of public health emergency. It focuses on the potentially adversarial relationship between the need to protect the health of these residents and the possible adverse interferences with their human rights in the initial phase of the pandemic. The scope and application of these rights to the healthcare context is not straightforward due to the exigencies of the pandemic. Consideration is given to whether their rights, as protected by the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) are vindicated or breached by the actions taken in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The article questions whether the restrictions that were applied were justified, given the limitations that exist within some ECHR Articles. It deliberates upon what can be done to ensure that relevant bodies and care homes, themselves, are better enabled to respond to a public health emergency in an individualistic, rights-based manner, based upon both principlism and pragmatism.

AUGMENTED REALITY LIMITATIONS IN THE TOURISM SECTOR

Technology development and augmented reality (ar) applications emergence have transformed the experiential process in tourism. ar offers enormous potential and advantages to the tourism sector, especially after covid-19. However, this study aims to find and gain further knowledge of ar's limitations. This research analysed the ar platform Imageen Tarraco (Tarragona, Spain) based on a users' survey, in-depth interviews and a focus group (fg). The analysis showed the lack of knowledge and the technical problems as the application's most challenging limitations and their causes. It also allowed categorizing the overall challenges by type of public and delving into the factors that promote their use or non-use. The study provides useful recommendations to ar platform creators and the destination management organizations (dmos) that implement them. © 2023, Universidad del Rosario. All rights reserved.

A Qualitative Case Study of How College Students Regard Distance Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia

The purpose of this study was to assess e-learning during the coronavirus pandemic regarding advantages, limitations and their recommendations for managing learning during the pandemic. This study employed a qualitative research based on the case study. Sixteen students from the College of Education, King Saud University, were invited to participate. These students use the `Zoom' application for receiving their online lectures. Additionally, a WhatsApp one-on-one semi-structured interview for 20 minutes was employed. The application, iCloud was used to record meetings and interviews for direct transcription to ensure trustworthiness (transferability, dependability, confirmability and credibility). Results were presented in three themes that is, advantages of employing distance education, limitations of usages, and recommendations for improvements. Analysing the feedbacks collected from students by the four interviewers, important characteristics of distance education emerged. They were student-centred learning, which included comfortable, self-directed learning, asynchronous learning, and flexibility. The most common limitations associated with distance education in general included the inefficiency that is, lack of student feedback, and lack of attentiveness. As for recommendations for improvements the most obvious characteristics that became evident in students' responses were teaching and assessment and quality enhancement.

Insights into the Pharmacological Effects of Flavonoids: The Systematic Review of Computer Modeling.

Computer modeling is a method that is widely used in scientific investigations to predict the biological activity, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and synthesis strategy of compounds based on the structure of the molecule. This work is a systematic review of articles performed in accordance with the recommendations of PRISMA and contains information on computer modeling of the interaction of classical flavonoids with different biological targets. The review of used computational approaches is presented. Furthermore, the affinities of flavonoids to different targets that are associated with the infection, cardiovascular, and oncological diseases are discussed. Additionally, the methodology of bias risks in molecular docking research based on principles of evidentiary medicine was suggested and discussed. Based on this data, the most active groups of flavonoids and lead compounds for different targets were determined. It was concluded that flavonoids are a promising object for drug development and further research of pharmacology by in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models is required.

Collaborative corporate social responsibility praxis: case studies from India

Purpose>This study aims to explore how corporate social responsibility (CSR) has assumed a new meaning today, with the COVID-19 pandemic. This, in turn, has changed the way companies now view the impact of their activities on the environment, customers, employees, community and other stakeholders.Design/methodology/approach>This paper uses a qualitative case study approach and draws a critical lens to document the complex interplay between dimensions of CSR, business sustainability and social issues, applying theoretical tools such as social capital theory and stakeholder theory to elucidate the nature of collaborative managerial responses to the organisation's challenges during the pandemic. This is a case study paper. This paper applies multi method approach to develop a case study analysis through participant observation and report analysis to investigate the CSR approaches undertaken in India by Infosys Genesis, a global leader in technology services and consulting, and Akshaya Patra Foundation, a non-governmental organisation (NGO), which operates the world's largest lunch school program. This was an appropriate methodology since the focus was on an area that was little understood, while the analysis required an in-depth understanding of a complex phenomenon through observation and a case study. In addition, case study research has been recommended for how, why and what type of research questions that focus on contemporary events (Saunders et al., 2003;Yin, 1994), such as CSR participation in the existing business environment. Furthermore, the issue under investigation is a real-life situation where the limitations between the phenomenon and the body of knowledge are unclear (Yin, 1994). This was the case because CSR has been probed by numerous disciplines through the application of various theoretical frameworks, each interpreting the context from their own perspective. Leximancer was used for the analysis (a text-mining software for visualising the structure of concepts and themes across case studies). This process differs from the traditional content analysis in that specific word strings are not needed;instead, Leximancer recognises what concepts are present in a set of texts, permitting concepts to be automatically coded in a grounded fashion (Cretchley et al., 2010, p. 2). The paper will be looked at from three levels comprising themes, concepts and concept profiling to create rich and reliable dimensions of a theoretical model (Myers, 2008). The themes are created in Leximancer software and are built on an algorithm that looks for hidden repeated patterns in interactions. The concepts add a layer and discover which concepts are shared by actors. The concept profiling allows to discover additional concepts and allows to do a discriminant analysis on prior concepts (Cretchley et al., 2010). Words that come up frequently are treated as concepts. Although the limited number of cases does not represent the entire sector, it enabled collection of rich data through quotes revealing some of the most crucial aspects of large organisations and non-profits in India.Findings>The findings demonstrate how these robust, innovative, collaborative CSR initiatives between a multinational firm and an NGO have been leveraged to combat manifold issues of education, employment and hunger during the pandemic.Research limitations/implications>Despite significant implications, this study has limitations. A response from only two companies is investigated to the COVID-19 pandemic. The scope of this study is only India, a developing nation, thereby, cross country research is recommended. A comparative study between developed and developing countries may be conducted. A quantitative approach may be used to get empirical findings of the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic policies of companies from an international perspective. Hence, there is ample opportunity to research organisations' response to the pandemic and CSR as a strong arm to deal with critical disasters.Practical implications>The paper offers new insights into exploring research and praxis agenda for collaborative potentials towards the evolution of CSR and sustainability.Social implications>The findings develop new initiatives and combat manifold issues of education, employment and hunger during the pandemic to provide quick relief.Originality/value>The paper offers new insights into how companies are considering issues related to the crisis, including avoidance of layoffs and maintaining wage payments, and may be in a better position to access fresh capital, relief programs and emergency funds. Taking proactive health and safety measures may avert legal risks to the company. It is likely that the way in which companies are responding to the crises is a real-life test on resilience and adaptation.

Volver a las clases presenciales en la educación básica filipina: tejiendo las oportunidades y limitaciones en la enseñanza de la Educación Física

Two years after face-to-face classes were suspended in the Philippines due to the threat of COVID-19, the Department of Education is implementing the progressive expansion of limited in-person learning. More schools are expected to hold limited face-to-face classes as the government revises its School Safety Assessment Tool, which has streamlined the requirements for the conduct of in-person class sessions. With the push to get education back into schools, it is essential to look into the opportunities and limitations in teaching Physical Education. Using a qualitative descriptive phenomenological research design, 34 Physical Education Teachers teaching in the Philippine Basic Education took part in several in-depth interviews. During the triangulation of results, seven important themes on teachers' concerns came up: Students are demotivated to go to face-to-face classes, students are misbehaving and doing inappropriate learning actions, classroom settings need to be modified to follow standard health protocols, teaching strategies and learning activities need to be retrofitted, teachers' and students' performances are affected by the protective gear they have to wear all the time, and there is a worry that COVID may surge again. Based on these results, the government should look into these factors because these will have a significant effect on the implementation of face-to-face classes in the Philippines. The results of this study were used to come up with valuable conclusions and suggestions. Alternate :Dos años después de que se suspendieran las clases presenciales en Filipinas debido a la amenaza del COVID-19, el Departamento de Educación está implementando la expansión progresiva del aprendizaje presencial limitado. Se espera que más escuelas realicen clases presenciales limitadas a medida que el gobierno revisa su Herramienta de evaluación de seguridad escolar, que ha simplificado los requisitos para la realización de sesiones de clases presenciales. Con el impulso de devolver la educación a las escuelas, es importante analizar las oportunidades y los límites de la enseñanza de la Educación Física. Utilizando un diseño de investigación cualitativo fenomenológico, 34 profesores de Educación Básica de Filipinas participaron en varias entrevistas en profundidad. Durante la triangulación de resultados, surgieron siete temas importantes sobre lo que preocupa a los docentes: los estudiantes están desmotivados para asistir a clases presenciales, los estudiantes se están portando mal y están realizando malas acciones de aprendizaje, los entornos de las aulas deben modificarse para seguir los protocolos de salud estándar. , las estrategias de enseñanza y las actividades de aprendizaje deben adaptarse, el rendimiento de los maestros y los estudiantes se ve afectado por el equipo de protección que tienen que usar todo el tiempo, y existe la preocupación de que COVID pueda surgir nuevamente. Con base en estos resultados, el gobierno debería analizar estos factores porque tendrán un gran efecto en la implementación de clases presenciales en Filipinas. Los resultados de este estudio se utilizaron para llegar a conclusiones y sugerencias útiles.Alternate :Dois anos depois que as aulas presenciais foram suspensas nas Filipinas devido à ameaça do COVID-19, o Departamento de Educação está implementando a introdução gradual do aprendizado presencial limitado. Espera-se que mais escolas tenham aulas presenciais limitadas à medida que o governo revisa sua Ferramenta de Avaliação de Segurança Escolar, que simplificou os requisitos para a realização de sessões presenciais. Com o impulso de devolver o ensino às escolas, é importante analisar as oportunidades e os limites do ensino de Educação Física. Usando um projeto de pesquisa fenomenológica qualitativa, 34 professores do ensino fundamental das Filipinas participaram de várias entrevistas em profundidade. Durante a triangulação dos resultados, surgiram sete temas importantes sobre o que preocupa os professore : os alunos estão desmotivados para assistir às aulas presenciais, os alunos estão se comportando mal e realizando ações de aprendizado ruins, os ambientes de sala de aula devem ser modificados para seguir os protocolos de saúde padrão. , estratégias de ensino e atividades de aprendizado precisam ser adaptadas, o desempenho de professores e alunos é afetado pelo equipamento de proteção que eles precisam usar o tempo todo e há preocupações de que o COVID possa surgir novamente. Com base nesses resultados, o governo deve analisar esses fatores porque eles terão um grande efeito na implementação de aulas presenciais nas Filipinas. Os resultados deste estudo foram usados ​​para chegar a conclusões e sugestões úteis. Palavras-chave: processo ensino-aprendizagem;aulas presenciais;Educação Física;problemas na educação física;pós pandemia de COVID-19;adaptação didática